What Is Diabetic Retinopathy? Treatments
All people with diabetes — both type 1 and type 2 — are at risk. Since there is effective treatment if retinopathy is diagnosed promptly, diabetics should get a comprehensive dilated eye exam at least once a year.
While diabetic retinopathy cannot always be prevented, there are many steps you can take to slow its progression and protect your vision.
Manage Your Blood Sugar
Keeping your blood glucose levels within your target range is one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of diabetic retinopathy and slow the disease if it has already developed.
Control Blood Pressure and Cholesterol
High blood pressure and elevated cholesterol can worsen damage to the blood vessels in the retina. Work with your healthcare provider to keep these levels under control.
Get a Comprehensive Dilated Eye Exam Every Year
Diabetic retinopathy often develops without noticeable symptoms in its early stages. Annual dilated eye exams allow your eye doctor to detect changes before vision is affected. If you already have diabetic retinopathy, your eye doctor may recommend more frequent visits.
Follow Your Diabetes Treatment Plan
Take medications or insulin as prescribed, eat a healthy, balanced diet, stay physically active, and attend regular appointments with your healthcare team.
Don’t Smoke
Smoking damages blood vessels and increases the risk of diabetes-related complications, including diabetic retinopathy. If you smoke, quitting can help improve your overall eye and cardiovascular health.
Know the Warning Signs
Contact your eye doctor promptly if you notice:
- Blurred or distorted vision
- New floaters or dark spots
- Flashes of light
- Difficulty seeing at night
- Sudden vision loss
These symptoms may indicate that diabetic retinopathy is progressing and requires immediate evaluation.
Importance of Routine Eye Exam for Diabetics